Mercury exposure is known to primarily affect which organ system?

Mercury exposure is known to primarily affect the peripheral nervous system due to its neurotoxic properties. When mercury enters the body, particularly in organic forms such as methylmercury, it can accumulate in nervous tissues. This accumulation leads to a range of neurological impairments, including tremors, memory problems, and cognitive deficits. The peripheral nervous system, which includes all nerves outside the brain and spinal cord, is particularly susceptible to these effects, resulting in symptoms such as numbness and tingling in the extremities.

While other organ systems can be impacted by mercury exposure, such as the kidneys or the respiratory system in cases of inhalation exposure, the primary and most notable effects are on the nervous system. Specifically, the peripheral nervous system's response to mercury can serve as a significant indicator of exposure and toxicity, making it a critical focus for industrial hygienists monitoring and assessing workplace hazards.