What is an effect of exposure to vinyl chloride?

Exposure to vinyl chloride is associated with acroosteolysis, a condition characterized by the resorption of bone in the fingers and toes, leading to a loss of bone density and structural integrity. Vinyl chloride is a known carcinogen, particularly linked to liver cancer and other types of cancers, but one of its more distinctive non-cancer effects is indeed acroosteolysis, which reflects how toxic substances can specifically target and affect certain anatomical structures.

The other options do not accurately reflect the known effects of vinyl chloride exposure. There is no evidence to suggest that exposure leads to rheumatism, that it has a positive effect on lung function, or that it reduces cancer risk, as the substance is known to increase the risk of various cancers, particularly angiosarcoma of the liver. Thus, the connection of acroosteolysis to vinyl chloride exposure highlights a critical aspect of industrial hygiene and the importance of monitoring and controlling exposure to harmful substances in the workplace.