Which disease is associated with long-term exposure to uranium?

Long-term exposure to uranium is primarily associated with kidney toxicity. This connection arises because uranium is a heavy metal that can accumulate in the kidneys, leading to potential damage over time. The kidneys play a crucial role in filtering waste from the body, and when they come into contact with toxic substances like uranium, their function can be compromised. This renal toxicity can manifest in various forms, including decreased kidney function and other related health issues.

While uranium exposure is linked to other health concerns, the specific relationship between prolonged exposure and kidney injury makes kidney toxicity the most relevant concern when assessing the risks associated with uranium. Bone cancer, liver failure, and skin cancer are not the most direct or common outcomes of uranium exposure, making kidney toxicity the focus in this context.