Which health effects are primarily linked to formaldehyde exposure?

Formaldehyde exposure is primarily associated with respiratory irritation and sensitization, making it a significant concern in various industries and settings. Individuals exposed to formaldehyde may experience symptoms such as coughing, wheezing, and throat irritation. Additionally, formaldehyde can act as a sensitizer, meaning that it may cause allergic reactions in some individuals upon subsequent exposures. This is crucial in understanding the potential health risks associated with formaldehyde, especially for those who work in environments where this compound is prevalent.

While options that mention cancer risk are not entirely incorrect — as some studies have linked formaldehyde to certain types of cancer — the specific pairing of respiratory irritation and sensitization captures the immediate and common health effects linked to acute exposure. Thus, option D effectively reflects the primary health effects related to formaldehyde, providing a more accurate representation of the typical symptoms and reactions experienced by individuals upon exposure to this chemical.