Which of the following is a known irritation caused by sulfur dioxide exposure?

The known irritation caused by sulfur dioxide exposure is related to its ability to affect the respiratory system and the mucous membranes. When sulfur dioxide is inhaled, it can lead to irritation of the eyes, nose, throat, and lungs. This results from its corrosive nature; as a gas, sulfur dioxide can easily react with moisture in the respiratory tract and mucous membranes to form sulfurous acid, causing inflammation, pain, and irritation.

The symptoms commonly associated with exposure include coughing, mucus secretion, difficulty breathing, and a burning sensation in the throat or chest. Individuals with pre-existing respiratory conditions, such as asthma, are particularly vulnerable to these irritating effects, which can exacerbate their symptoms.

Other options, while they may be serious health issues, are not directly linked to sulfur dioxide exposure. Hearing loss and nervous system disorders, for example, can be caused by other environmental toxins or conditions, but sulfur dioxide is primarily recognized for its irritant effects rather than these more systemic effects. Cardiovascular disease can be influenced by a multitude of factors, including air pollution, but sulfur dioxide itself is not a primary cause associated with that condition.